I can verify that without checking the winter habitat in Mexico, or monitoring the flyway. Up on the Sandhill we call home, we don’t have to look any farther than the rose garden out front.
We’re not really rose-cultivating people, but they came with the house and seem to be able to take care of themselves, for the most part. So they remain.
In the middle of the summer, milkweed plants started to pop up between the rose bushes. Milkweed is sacred at our place, so they were allowed to grow. Now neck-high, the plants’ upswept leaves became dotted with little greenish-brown bb’s. Telltale signs of monarch caterpillars.